"Work is worship,
smile is life" was the main motto of life of Usha Boruah who
became Usha Borthakur, as per norms after her marriage with
advocate Late Chandranath Borthakur. She was born in 1904 in
Guwahati, married at an early age of twelve in the year 1917.
Child marriage for girls before attaining puberity was
customary among the "Brahmins �of those days to which Usha
belonged. The married bride had to stay in paternal home till
the attainment of puberty. Usha, at the age of fourteen
entered the conjugal life wearing a long veil in a religious
family of kaliabor, the family was very much associated with
�Dulal Madhav Dewalaya." Her husband was studying the BA in
Calcutta, When Usha daughter of Lt Lakshmi Prasad Baruah and
Lt. Lakhipriya Boruah of Uzan Bazar, Guwahati, was married of
Chandra nath Borthakur.
Her matrimonial
home was a huge joint family with younger brothers-in �Law,
nephew-in-Laws, mother �in-law, etc along with her husband.
She had given birth two sons and two daughters. Young Usha
could manage all her domestic responsibilities towards her
kids and in laws, yet she could establish herself as a role
model for the woman of Assam for coming years. Transformation
of a responsible housewife into an independent woman retaining
her own identity was not an easy task in those days. One of
aunt-in-law (khurisahu) encouraged her very much in this
aspect.
She had to perform
domestic responsibilities like milking of cows, clearing the
shed, washing of clothes and utensils, spinning and sewing,
cooking food including traditional delicacies, etc.)
Usha Borthakur was
highly inspired by the life of "Kasturibai"-wife of Mahatma
Gandhi.
There is proverb
"Pretty lotus grows in dirty mud". She could prove it with
sincerity, consistency, patience and hard work. Usha could
barely pass primary school at the time of her marriage. Still
will power and enthusiasm paved her way in social life. Usha
was blessed with luck too.
In 1921 her
"uncle-in-law" built a house in Amolapatty, Nagoan where Usha
with her kids and younger-brother-in law lived there after. In
order to make up for the financial need she again started
spinning, dying, weaving and stitching of clothes for the
members of her family. Her husband stayed in Guwahati during
those days studying law, (LLB).
Asom Pradeshik
Mahila Samitee was established in 1926 in Guwahati and in the
same year Nagoan jila Samitee (District State Woman�s
Committee) was also established Usha Brothakur was selected as
the joint secretary of the later. This was her pioneering step
in social life. Being the secretary of the samitee, Usha used
to travel to far flung villages accompanying a socially active
group of women in order to spread education for women and also
to eradicate orthodoxical social behavior.
Usha Borthakur came
into contact with the father of nation, Mahatma Gandhi in 1926
in a conference of Indian National congress at Pandu. She was
also fortunate to meet Vinoba Bhave, during one of his visit
to social Welfare Center at Samuguri Nagaon. This visit put a
permanent mark in Usha�s life. She was encouraged to do social
work at greater scale.
In 1933, one event
changed the life of Usha Borthakur. For the first time High
school leaving examination Centre was took place in Nagaon
Govt High School where both boys and girls were sit together.
As a social norm, Usha was invited to be women invigilator for
the same. She was terrified and nervous as she passed primary
level at that time. But her supportive husband encouraged and
she could perform the allotted duty well and decided to go for
higher education.
Usha Borthakur left
her study in 1915,then she became a wife and a mother. Still,
she appeared and passed HSLC. At that time the girls students
of MV School of Amolapatty of Nagoan failedin English in large
scale. It was decided to abolish the subject by the school
authority. Hearing this, Usha Borthakur requested the
authority to continue the subject lest the girls would be
deprived of English education in near future.The school
authority requested."Mahila Samitee"to take the responsibility
for the same.Being the secretary of the said organization Usha
Borthakur had to undertake the charge of teaching English.
However, three girls succeeded in the subject in the
examination of the following year. Her sincerety and
dedication had helped to develop the Nagaon Higher secondary
School in its full form.
After becoming a
matriculate teacher, she studied privately and qualified IA in
1938 and BA in 1942. The Girls� School started with English
class has become a full fledged high school by now. She became
the Head Mistress and then went to St. Mary�s Shillong for
studying BT and qualified in 1948. Further she prepared for
studying MA in Assamese.In the mean time, she was selected as
the candidate from Samaguri for the Assam Assembly Poll of
1952. She was then selected for successive terms from the same
constituency. During 1952-56 she was in charge as Head
Mistress despite the responsibility of the constituency as an
MLA. Then state govt. had no objection regarding this Usha
Borthakur took the opportunity to develop Nagoan Girls� Govt.
High School to the maximum possible end. After her victory in
1957 Assembly Poll, Usha Borthakur was given the
responsibility of Ministry and went on requisite leave from
school, but in political life her honesty became a blockade to
go ahead. She had to leave ministerial post because of
honesty.
However, again from
1966 to 1972 she was the honorable member of �Rajya Sabha�. In
1967 Usha Borthakur represented Assam in �World Rural women
conference at Michigan, USA. From 1975 to 1978 she was the
president of District Congress Committee, Nagaon.In 1977, she
visited Russia as a leader of Indian Women�s team at the age
of 72. After becoming the member of Rajya Sabha Usha Borthakur
resigned from the post of Principal of Nagoan Girls� Govt High
School.
During 1979-89, she
was honoured with the post of president, Nogaon Jila Mahila
Samitee and from 1989 to 1992 Usha Borthakur worked as a
principal adviser of the said committee.
Each and Every move
ment of life was very important for Usha Borthakur. She
contributed to the Assamese society through her writings too.
She was greatly influenced by the ideology of Mahatma Gandhi
and opined that everybody should follow it. She had translated
the book Baa and Bapu written in English by Mukul Bhai
Kalarthi into Assamese language.
The literary beauty
and way of expression with maximum use of the local vocabulary
made the book a classic. During Gandhiji�s stay in South
Africa, a Christian person stayed a night in his residence.It
was the custom of the family to carry and clean one�s urinal
tub� in the morning. But the guest was unaware of that and
Gandhiji compelled Kasturiba to do that. This led to
disagreement between Gandhiji and Kasturiba and it crossed the
limit. Gandhiji was about to drive her from home. Kasturiba,
looking at the gravity of the situation, asked Gandhiji-"Being
your wife I have to stay with you at any Circumstance even
though I have to experience physical violence. But for God�s
sake, do not forget your own self. Keep the gate shut and we
promise not to create such a situation any more". Her
description made the book interesting for the readers. Her
second book was,
Bapujir Atmakatha (Autobiography of Bapuji). This book was
written for the children. Written in a very simple language
this book covered Gandhiji�s life from his school day�s to the
success to the freedom movement in precise way.
Besides thses, Usha
Borthakur wrote life-sketche of Kasturibai as Maa Kasturiba
as she was very much attacted to the life of Mahatma Gandhi
and Kasturiba. This book highlighted the love, aftection, and
responsibility of a mother. Usha Borthakur believed in
self-confidence and spiritualism and wanted that other should
have faith in that. She translated Chaitanya Deva into
Assamese too. She tried to make the women aware of the society
regarding the role and responsibility of a mother. She tried
to spread women education by writing columns in newspapers and
magazine. Usha Borthakur unknowingly placed herself in a
respectable position with her self confidence and will power.
She could reflect herself as a daughter-in law, mother,
teacher, social worker, politician etc. She will remain as
torchbearer for the women in Assam for coming years,Usha
Borthakur ended her multi-dimensional activities and released
her last breath on 23 rd August, 1993.