Brajabala
Devi
A time when nobody would think about women�s education,
women were religiously kept away from books, not even allowed to move out
freely in the presence of other men. In the midst of such a social
scenario, a girl from a Gaura Brahman family, studied in a missionary
school; she assisted in the imparting of lessons from Bible, played
Basketball and received the rank of a �blue bard� (in those times, the
girl students of missionary school got the rank of �guide�, if above 16
years and girls below 16 years were ranked as �blue bard�). This brave
Brahmi girl was Brajabala, not a �Gopi� (shepherdess) of Mathura but a
resident of Nagaon, Axom which glimmers with the aura of her enchanting
personality and self-confidence.
Brajabala was born in the year 1919 in the auspicious
day of �Raspurnima�. Her father was Anandaram Bhattachrjee, a resident o
Amolapatty, Nagaon. An expert I Sanskrit and astrology, he was also the
owner of vast tracts of land and other assets. As the gifted girl of a
talented father, Brajbala also learnt the science of astrology and reading
horoscopes which she practices till date. From her young age, Brajbala had
listened to her father reading the Gita, Mohmudgar, and chanting the holy
�Slokas� from the sacred Vedas, and Navgraha Slokas. As a result, she was
able to sing and chant them all although she did not understanding their
meaning. Her mastering of such difficult lines and verses was not a
deliberate act. Owing to her extraordinary memory and retentive power, she
learnt them automatically without much practice or any conscious effort.
This rare quality helped her throughout her life in acquiring knowledge of
various subjects without much difficulty, and helped her in composing new
works of art.
The name of Brajabala�s mother was Satyapriya Devi. She
was a daughter mother. She gave her utmost in grafting the bright future
of her daughter. The seeds of a literary career were sown, at an early
age, in Brajbala as she began to show interest in tales heard from her
mother of Mahabharata, Ramayana, the poems of venerated Assamese poet
Bezbaruah, and other children stories. �The home is the first and true
place of learning for a person�-this proposition is proven true by
Brajbala�s life. As the child of well-educated and knowledge parents,
Brajbala always found a learning and creative atmosphere at home which
contributed in opening up future avenues for her. Today, after the passage
of more than seventy years of her life, Brajbala stands as a role model
for the women society.
Born into a wealthy Brahmin family, Brajbala receiving
education in a missionary school was a rare and bold step in those times.
The decision to enroll her in a Christian missionary school reflects her
parents� broad outlook towards education. Brajbala finished her elementary
education while staying in a Hindu boarding school. There was a separate
boarding for Christian students. Brajbala regularly attended the Bible
classes and minutely studied the Holy Scripture. While in school, she
played Basketball, acted and also took training in scouts and guide. Thus,
the privilege of liberal education, sports and tours, imbued her with a
free-mind, daring, straight-forward, sincere personality. Brajbala�s
clear, fluent and accurate command over Sanskrit Slokas and English
language is a notable aspect of her character. One of her special talents
is that while speaking or writing in Assamese, she would never use words
from other languages.
Brajbala finished her M.E from Nagaon Mission School.
News spread around that the high school section would be removed from the
school, thus the teacher observing the intelligence of Brajbala and one
other girl, made arrangements for their promotion to higher class.
Mr.Bhattacherjee, the father of Brajbala did not wish
to get her married and wanted to make her a �scholar� and keep her at
ashram. But who can go against the rules of nature? Brajbala was engaged
to a brilliant disciple of poet Durgeswar Sarma, veteran literary person
Jogeswar Sarma, to be married later. Anandaram Bhattacharjee stood firm on
his decision that until Brajbala completes her high school examination,
she would not be married. In keeping with this, after two years, she
appeared in high school examination as a private candidate, and passed the
exam in first division with distinction in Assamese and History. She would
be husband Jogeswar Sarma also passed his metric examination conducted
under Calcutta University, in first division with distinction marks in
four subjects: Assamese, Sanskrit, Advance Assamese, and Mathematics. He
scored highest marks in Assamese and secured a good medal for his
achievement. It was like god had arranged for the union of two precious
gemstones together.
While Brajbala was born and brought up amidst an open
and liberal atmosphere in an urban area, Jogeswar Sarma belonged to a
lower middle class family of the village Bogargaon in the Moujar Hamdai
division Titabor district of Jorhat. Thus, after marriage, Brajbala had to
move in to a rural place. In those times, no vehicles could enter the
village of Bogargaon. Only bullock-carts could pass through the one way
route. Just as water can take any shape or form, Brajbala, too did not
fall depressed in the face of contradictory situations, and tried her
heart and soul in adjusting to the new family environment.
Brajbala�s father-in-law, a devotee and employee of the
"Auniati Xotra", Laxminath Dev Sarma, was a deeply devout and cultured
man. Her mother-in-law Kokilwari Devi was a kind and affectionate women.
Brajbala learnt the household works like cooking, weaving, etc from her
mother-in-law. Initially she found difficulty in doing simple works like
frying beaten rice, cutting betel nuts etc and would often hurt her hands
or fingers. However she did not leave patience and kept trying steadily.
Brajbala became the companion of her in-laws loneliness. Her mother-in-law
took her wherever she used to go. She would feed her voraciously and
affectionately, sometimes from her own plate. Very few would be blessed
with such love.
In the article, "Jogeswar Sarma xotork banni", (Jogeswar
Sarma: Life and Talent- edited by Jogendra Narayan Bhuyan, published by
Nagaon Literary Association), Mr. Aljit Kumar Sarma mentions about
Brajbala that "aunt was from Nagaon, and uncle from Jorhat. Poe
Durgeswar Sarma acted as the catalyst in bringing them together. After
marriage, aunt left her free-spirited life, graciously accepted her new
role and devoted herself completely to her domestic life. At that time,
the economic condition of this family was not very attractive. When the
newly wedded bride entered the family, the monthly income of her husband
was a marginal fifty five rupees. With such a negligible amount, the
responsibility that she under took, is still managing with same ardor. She
brought up four sons and a daughter, and also helped and assisted her
husband in his study- oriented professional literary career". These
words clearly describe the character and nature of Brajbala.
Brajbala�s husband Jogeswar Sarma joined the third
college in Assam establishment at 1930 named as �Upper Assam College�
(later renamed as �Jorhat College� and from 1935 onwards, came to be known
as Jagannath Baruah College), and started his career as the professor of
English. Brajbala was enrolled in the same college after clearing her high
school exam. At its inception, there were no female students in this
college- one of them was Brajbala Devi. Sadly, during the exams, her first
child was born- and her academic career was over.
Between 1930 and 1940 Shri Jogeswar Sarma continued as
the lecturer of Jagannath Baruah College, and later worked in the Sri
Hotter Murarichand College for some days. Back home, he worked in Cotton
College for twelve months and 1942 joined the Jagannath Baruahh College
for the second time. In 1944, a college was established in Nagaon.
Jogeswar Sarma joined as its first teacher. After joining Nagaon College
in 1944, Mr. Sarma settled in Nagaon along with his family for the rest o
his life.
A celebrated personality in the academic world of Assam
prominent literary critic, ex-president of Assam Sahitya Sabha, Mr.
Jogeswar Sarma became a figure of proud in contemporary Assam. Similary,
his wife, too, worked, assisted and accompanied him in all his enterprises
like a personal secretary, and must be acclaimed by the women of Assam.
Brajbala is the mother of five children- four sons and
a daughter. All the children are well educated and well-placed in their
lives. The elder son is the lecturer of Nagaon College, second son is
income-tax commissioner, third works as the exclusive engineer, and the
last son is a doctor- all of them are married. The daughter got married
while pursing her master degree. Brajbala is happy and complete in her
life playing the role of a good daughter-in-law, wife, mother,
mother-in-law and grandmother.
It is already mentioned that right from a young age,
the seeds of literary talent had been cultivated in Brajbala at her
parent�s home. She was drawn towards English literature by listening to
her elder brother Pramodram Bhattacharjee�s recital of English poem and
translations. She also liked listening to Bengali poems. She liked reading
the compositions of famous and greatest Bengali pot Rabindra Nath Tagore.
Brajbala herself writes poems and essays. Her first work was published in
the newspaper �Janxixa� in the year 1944. Other newspapers include Janxixa,
Ramdhenu, Bordoishila, Xoptxu, periodicals published by Sahitya Sabha,
Smritigranth, Moina Parijator Smritigranth, all Assam Women Writer�s
periodicals, etc her writings regularly appeared which include historical
and social articles, plays, travelogues etc. she has travailed to famous
north-Indian places like kurukshetra, Brindaban Mathura etc and penned
down her memories and experiences in travel stories. Her articles like
�Xopun� (Dream), �Milantirtha� (Sacred place of Union), �Aximor Xokulu�
(Everybody from infinity), and other one- act plays like �Gantanatra�
(Republic) published in different newspapers. The one-act play �Xopun�
(Dream) was enacted on the stage of Nagaon College. Other plays were also
performed in different places. In the play �Milantirtha� (Sacred place of
union), the story of Akbar�s court is narrated- how even after Tansen�s
soulful music presentations, the emperor tried it bring the blind,
devotional singer Surdas; a proposal rejected by Surdas. According to the
play, the emperor Akbar himself went to meet the singer sitting at the
pyre of temple, singing a song in praise of Shri Krishna, and told him:
"I will build you a house so that you are protected from rain and heat".
To which Surdas replied, "I am sitting below the roof of the creator�s
own house. Why would I need any other roof to protect me? Sitting below
this roof, I can enjoy the beauty of nature and this world. It provides
immense peace to my soul which I cannot make you understand. If you do not
command me to join your court, I will always be grateful to you".
Such beautiful expression of feelings in such simple
lines can be expressed by only a proficient artist.
In the essay written about Joymoti, she portrays the
life of Joymoti, and has also highlighted the administration during Ahom
rule, the art and architecture of then period, religious views politics,
language and culture etc. she read this essay in the district library of
Nagaon as the president of Local Women Organization in the Joymati
Festival (celebrated 1984).
Her only published book is �Parijaat�. In 1979, Pragyan
Kumar Sarma (third son) published this book. The five rupee book tells
about the marriage rituals, and its meaning, the views made by bride and
groom to each other during marriage, rendered in a simple, comprehensible
language. This fifty-nine pages long book is worth-reading for all Indian
women. The fragrance of �Parijaat� is beautifully expressed in these two
following lines:
Jat narjasta pujyanta remante tatra devta
Jatetasta na pujyanta sarvastrafala kriya
Which means "The house where a women is honored is
venerated by even gods? And the house where a woman is dishonored that
house is permanently damned ".
Santosch parmanthyay sukharti xanjato bhavato
Santoshmulanga hi sukham dukhmulam biprajyay
Only patient and contentment man can be happy.
Contentment can bring happiness, and ill- contented is always unhappy.
(Instruction to housewives: page 24)
Brajbala�s �Parijaat� enlightens the mind of its
reader. Those who have not read this book remained ignorant of such divine
creation.
Much of Brajbala�s unpublished creations have become
old. In the book �Vishwa amar bondhu� (The World is our friend), she has
collected stories from miscellaneous sources which makes it an
introductory handbook to a reader unaware of world literature. This book
includes fable from Panchatantra, story of disciple, an account of great
poet Kalidasa, a brief account of the three great books �Meghdoot, Kumar
Sambhav, Raghuvansh, origin of European literature, account of classical
epic poet like Homer, Virgil, and other Greek poets, tales from Bible,
introduction to Chinese literature and Chinese stories, Araban tales and
stories, etc.
Brajbala adopts a simple and elegant style in writing.
One never tires of reading her works. Her unpublished works, if gets
published, will be extremely beneficial for north male community-
especially the female society will be more delighted. To publish these
books is her main desire. A writer feels a kind of divine pleasure when
his/ her work is published is same to what a woman feels when her child is
birth. When that creation is acclaimed by the readers, it provides great
satisfaction to the readers.
Brajbala earned support an encouragement from her
husband�s family in pursing her literary career. An intellectual and
scholar, bookworm Mr. Jogeswar Sarma�s home was no less than a huge
library. In the article �Jogeswar Sarma�s Warning voice�, Mr. Ajit Kumar
Sarma mentions thus:
"Their living room was small. There was no drawing
room. Whenever I used to go to his home, I would find him sitting or lying
in the bed in his room and reading a book. The whole room was surrounded
with books and papers. From all the corners of the house, the attack of
books were so profound that it was very difficult for aunt to keep the
home organized. On reaching, he would greet with his well-known smile and
immediately after, the discussions started. In these discussions, he would
interpret difficult topics in a simplified manner. And give dynamics
suggestions. Aunt would also participate and put forth her opinions in
these discussions only after completing her kitchen work."
In this manner, after finishing her household duties,
she would participate in such intellectual discussions and devote her
leisure in reading books without fatigue. She was closely familiar to
Padmasri Nalini Bala Deviand Poet Dugeswar Sarma whose company filled her
with inspiration.
Brajbala never did any job but fervently participated
in social services. In 1950, she took charge as the editor of Nagaon Women
Organization. From 1962 to 1968, she was the president of the same. While
being associated with association, she worked to open similar associations
in various interior villages of Nagaon, opened sewing and weaving classes
for women, and other such progressive works for women. For the first time
in Nagaon, Brajbala Devi introduced Japanese knitting machine in order to
train the folks. That training is still continuing in the women
association. During the non-cooperation movement, Brajbala was awarded for
weaving works. Till date, she has been associated with Nagaon Woman
Association and All Assam Women Writers Association, and rending her
valuable support.
At the verge of turning of 70, mental or physical
ailments have not been able to control Brajbala. She enjoys a busy
schedule with reading newspapers regularly, praying with grandchildren,
discussing national-international issues with daughter-in-laws, helping
them in household activities, helping husband suffering from eye disease
in walking, reading books to him or writing down his compositions for him;
in spite of so many works, she takes out time for writing. Her
ever-smiling face makes one feel that she knows no sorrows or sufferings.
Sometimes, busy in discharging her household duties, she would not get
time to write. But the zeal and fervor to write never got lost or
lessened. Actually, being a wife of such a learned man, she had to immerse
herself in household activities, and carry the complete burden of the
family. She was competent enough to engage herself to other ventures even
after doing so many duties. It is obvious that entrusted with so many
homely responsibilities, there is little scope for the development of her
individual talents and aptitudes. Her husband remained dedicated to
academic knowledge in order to quench his thirst for intellectual
knowledge, and therefore could not pay much attention to family life. At
that time, nobody thought about the difficulty of the women of having to
handle the house alone. Leading a successful conjugal life with an
indifferent person like Jogeswar Sarma shows well the patient nature of
Brajbala Devi. Patience, Sacrifice, Forgiveness- with these three
qualities, a good housewife can deftly handle her family life, and at the
same time, devote her to social works, literary pursuits and other
creative tasks, is best illustrated by the illuminating example of
Brajbala Devi. Keeping intact a large family, Brajbala is moving ahead
towards her goal with slow moving steps. Brajbala�s charming personality
and affectionate nature draws anyone in the very first meeting. One
becomes attracted to her endearing personality. The students who
frequented Jogeswar Sarma�s house praised Brajbala�s behavior towards
them. She likes attending guests and pleasing them with her delicacies. In
the words of their niece Ajit Kumar Sarma:
"His straight- forward, dignified nature increased my
self-confidence, and so increased my attraction towards him. There was, of
course, another reason also for the growing attraction towards her. One
was listening to his simple discourses, and another was food prepared by
aunt (Brajbala Devi). It was a two- folded attraction: the taste of his
speech and her food." In the words of his favorite student Shri Atul
Chandra Goswami:
"In comparison to the love and trust thrust on me by
Sri Jogeswar Sarma, Madam (Brajbala Devi) loved me even more. When I won
in the MLA elections, Madam said- Atul has won. He will arrive here any
time. To which Sir replied: He came when he had won for the first time. Is
it necessary that he will come to greet you every time he wins? Madam had
replied confidently that Atul would not remain without coming to us. He
will definitely come. Just at that time, I turned up, touched their feet
and took blessings. With great satisfaction, Madam had said to Sir, "Look
my observation is so correct".
The confidence and far- sightedness of his affectionate
lady is worth- imitating. It would not be an exaggeration to say that not
only the students but everyone loves her.
Born in the sacred day of Rashpurnima, the darkness of
lunar eclipse never appeared in her life, and hope never will. On certain
times, some light blows of wind might have momentarily upset the peace and
tranquility but did not have the force to overshadow the ever-radiant
brightness of moon. Brajbala�s domestic life, literary life and social
should always remain bright and lightened. May Brajbala live in peace? May
she become immortal?